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This paper highlights the maturity of CFD methods for Lidar to point wind measurement conversion.

It aggregates results from over 140 test cases which included mountainous terrain, coastal areas and forestry, with ruggedness index values of over 10%. Across all campaigns RS-to-mast differences were reduced below 1% in over 90% of the test cases.

Over the past decade, wind Lidars have transformed resource assessment for the wind energy industry, offering unprecedented flexibility, scalability, and measurement capabilities compared to conventional meteorological masts and cup anemometers.The flexibility and lower cost of standalone lidar use in complex terrain has increased their prevalence.
In complex terrain, where wind flows are influenced by rugged topography, well-proven methods can be used to harmonise Lidar measurements with traditional approaches. This alignment is an opportunity to
unlock the full potential of remote sensing devices like ground-based, vertical wind Lidar ZX 300, ensuring continued progress and innovation in wind energy development.
In doing so, Lidars provide a significant step forward in wind measurement technology.

This best practice guide from ZX Lidars describes how the perceived challenges of using remote sensing devices in complex terrain are overcome to unlock these wider benefits, using well-proven
commercial solutions from leading authorities in the wind energy industry.

97%+ Availability of wind speed data in extreme clean-air conditions.

This paper takes observations and analysis of continuous-wave Lidar performance in high altitude wind assessment campaigns in Chile.

Results show a ZX 300 Lidar delivered over 97% data availability up to 218m at an altitude of over 2200m in the Atacama Desert, despite exceptionally low signal levels.

Accurate wind speed measurement at wind turbine hub heights is critical for performance verification under IEC 61400-50-3 and IEC 61400-12-1 standards. Traditional meteorological masts with cup anemometers become increasingly impractical due to rising turbine heights and associated costs. This study evaluates the performance of ZX TM, a nacelle-mounted, Continuous Wave (CW) Doppler Lidar, as a high-accuracy alternative for power performance assessment [8]. By eliminating the need for tall met masts, nacelle-mounted Lidars streamline the testing process and provide robust data for wind turbine performance validation.

This paper is designed to be a practical guide for using nacelle-mounted Lidar in IEC-compliant power performance tests. By referencing a core set of validation documents and procedures, as well as showcasing evidence from the industry supporting the adoption of such technologies, this work aims to provide clarity and confidence to wind farm operators and turbine manufacturers considering Lidar-based measurements.